User:Niraj/Teaching-25

Teaching lesson plan 25 Subject: Python programming

Date: 12 Feb 2024

Time: 60 minutes

Period: 3rd

Teaching Item: Introduction to Django Models

Class: Bachelor

Objective:

Students will learn the fundamentals of Django models, including defining models, creating database tables, performing CRUD operations, and understanding relationships between models.

Materials Needed:

• Python installed (preferably Python 3.x)
• Text editor or integrated development environment (IDE) such as VSCode, PyCharm, or Sublime Text
• Django framework installed (pip install django)
• Projector

1. Introduction to Django Models (15 mins)

• Overview of Django models:
  • Django models represent database tables and their relationships.
  • Models are defined using Python classes that inherit from django.db.models.Model.
• Discuss the importance of models in Django projects and their role in data persistence.

2. Defining Models (20 mins)

• Creating a Django app for models: python manage.py startapp myapp
• Defining model classes:
  • Define model fields to represent database columns.
  • Specify field types (e.g., CharField, IntegerField, ForeignKey).
  • Add meta options such as verbose_name and verbose_name_plural.
• Example: Creating a Book model with fields like title, author, published_date, etc.

3. Migrations and Database Schema (20 mins)

• Generating migrations: python manage.py makemigrations
• Applying migrations to create database tables: python manage.py migrate
• Understanding migration files and their role in database schema evolution.
• Discussing how Django manages database schema changes over time.

4. Performing CRUD Operations (25 mins)

• Creating records:
  • Using model classes to create new records.
  • Saving records to the database using the save() method.
• Retrieving records:
  • Querying records using the model's objects manager.
  • Filtering records based on specific criteria using filter(), get(), and exclude().
• Updating records:
  • Retrieving records, modifying their attributes, and saving them back to the database.
• Deleting records:
  • Deleting records using the delete() method or bulk delete operations.

5. Model Relationships (25 mins)

• One-to-Many (ForeignKey) relationship:
  • Defining relationships between models using ForeignKey fields.
  • Understanding the concept of related objects and reverse relationships.
• Many-to-Many relationship:
  • Defining many-to-many relationships using ManyToManyField.
  • Accessing related objects using querysets and reverse relationships.
• One-to-One relationship:
  • Defining one-to-one relationships using OneToOneField.
  • Use cases and examples of one-to-one relationships.

6. Exercise: Create and Manipulate Models (20 mins)

• Provide a hands-on exercise where students create Django models and perform CRUD operations.
• Task:
  • Define multiple models representing real-world entities (e.g., Book, Author, Publisher).
  • Create relationships between models (e.g., Book has an Author).
  • Write Python code to create, retrieve, update, and delete records using Django models.

7. Conclusion (10 mins)

• Recap the key points covered in the lesson:
  • Django models represent database tables and define the structure of data.
  • Migrations are used to manage changes to the database schema over time.
  • CRUD operations (Create, Retrieve, Update, Delete) can be performed using Django model objects.
  • Relationships between models enable complex data modeling and querying.
• Encourage students to practice creating models and performing CRUD operations in their Django projects.