User:Niraj/Teaching-11

Teaching lesson plan 11 Subject: Python programming

Date: 26 Jan 2024

Time: 60 minutes

Period: 3rd

Teaching Item: Creating Classes and Objects in Python

Class: Bachelor

Objective:

Students will understand the concepts of classes and objects in Python, learn how to create classes, instantiate objects, define attributes and methods, and utilize inheritance.

Materials Needed:

• Python interpreter or IDE
• Projector

1. Introduction to Classes and Objects (10 mins)

• Define classes and objects:
  • Classes are blueprints for creating objects.
  • Objects are instances of classes.
• Discuss the importance of classes and objects in programming:
  • Encapsulation: bundling data and methods that operate on the data.
  • Abstraction: hiding complex implementation details from the user.
  • Reusability: creating multiple objects from the same class.
  • Inheritance: deriving new classes from existing ones.

2. Creating Classes (15 mins)

• Explain class syntax:
  • Keyword class followed by the class name.
  • Class definition block with methods and attributes.
• Demonstrate how to create a simple class:
  • Define attributes and methods within the class definition.
  • Use the __init__ method for initialization.
• Discuss naming conventions for classes:
  • Class names should follow CamelCase convention.

3. Instantiating Objects (10 mins)

• Introduce object instantiation:
  • Syntax: object_name = ClassName()
  • Example: person = Person()
• Show how to create multiple objects from the same class:
  • Each object has its own set of attributes and methods.
• Discuss the importance of the self parameter in methods:
  • self refers to the instance of the class.

4. Attributes and Methods (15 mins)

• Explain attributes and methods:
  • Attributes are variables associated with a class or object.
  • Methods are functions defined within a class.
• Demonstrate how to define and access attributes:
  • Attributes can be instance attributes or class attributes.
  • Use dot notation to access attributes: object_name.attribute_name
• Show how to define and call methods:
  • Methods can take arguments and return values.
  • Use dot notation to call methods: object_name.method_name()

5. Inheritance (10 mins)

• Introduce inheritance:
  • Inheritance allows a class to inherit attributes and methods from another class.
  • The derived class (subclass) can extend or modify the behavior of the base class (superclass).
• Demonstrate how to create a subclass:
  • Syntax: class SubClassName(BaseClassName):
• Show how to override methods in the subclass:
  • Redefine methods with the same name in the subclass.

6. Exercise (10 mins)

• Provide a simple programming exercise where students:
  • Define a base class representing a geometric shape with attributes such as width and height.
  • Create subclasses representing specific shapes (e.g., rectangle, circle) with methods to calculate area and perimeter.

7. Conclusion (5 mins)

• Recap the key points covered in the lesson:
  • Classes are blueprints for creating objects, while objects are instances of classes.
  • Attributes are variables associated with a class or object, and methods are functions defined within a class.
  • Inheritance allows classes to inherit attributes and methods from other classes.
• Encourage students to practice creating and using classes and objects in their own projects.